Month: April 2023

Posted on by

Discover the Story Behind Innovative Extracts’ Co-Founder, Vince Golden

hemp flower

Discover the Story Behind Innovative Extracts’ Co-Founder, Vince Golden

Vince Golden is a man with many talents and interests. He used his self-taught engineering background to design/redesign equipment to ensure that the highest quality hemp is efficiently grown, harvested, and processed into premium CBD oil.

Background

Vince, the youngest of five children, grew up on a small dairy farm in Cambria County, Pennsylvania. Rising early to care for livestock prior to going to school instilled life skills and a work ethic that opened the door to many future opportunities.

After graduating from Forest Hills High School, Vince earned a BS of Industrial Arts Technology degree followed by an MA in Industrial Relations. Having enlisted into the Army, his work and educational experiences enabled him to be chosen and receive an award for successfully commanding (while under supervision and mentorship) a 250-man training company at Fort Dix, NJ. This program was used to evaluate the military transition from a “draftee” Army to an “all voluntary” Army (VOLAR).

Vince finished his military career at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in Belgium maintaining and processing personnel records for combat and non-combat veterans being discharged from the Army.

Afterward, Vince found himself back home teaching industrial arts in the Johnstown area school district. It was there that he met his future wife who went on to help him establish and build their own farm called Golden Farms. Together they raised five children, one of whom is now a co-founder of Innovative Extracts.

The cannabis industry

When President Trump signed the 2018 Farm Bill legalizing the production and sale of CBD products, Vince and his son Andy saw an opportunity to grow hemp as a cash crop.  

At first, Vince was hesitant as he recalled the rise in popularity of recreational drug use during the 1960s. But when he learned of all the potential health benefits associated with using CBD, he changed his view. They planted their first crop in 2019; but before it could even be harvested, Vincent had already seen a drop in market prices for hemp. 

Starting a CBD business

Not wanting to let their hard work go to waste, they decided it was time for a new strategy. Instead of selling hemp as a cash crop, they would process it into CBD oil. Golden Farms already had most of the necessary equipment, buildings, and water supplies needed – so all that remained was for Vince to use his engineering knowledge to design and build new pieces of equipment or customize existing machinery.  

Applying engineering skills

For example, he designed machinery that could dry hemp without allowing mold to develop in the flowers. He also designed a climate-controlled storage facility where dried hemp can be kept at an optimal humidity to prevent spoilage. And he redesigned parts of the machinery used to separate the oil producing parts from stalks.

But Vince didn’t stop there. After studying how many man-hours went into producing each batch of CBD oil, he decided to build a better, more efficient CBD extraction facility. With the newly redesigned extraction lab, production increased from three batches per day, per technician, to four.

And it’s been taking off since then.

Turning point

Vince says the most critical thing they did was decide to extract the oil themselves. He added, “We’re doing quite well. The pandemic and everything really messed things up. And we still have people coming back and thanking us, and they’re buying more product. So that’s what keeps us going.”

The hemp crop

Vince oversees cultivation of the hemp and bringing the harvest. He takes special pride in harvesting hemp without any possibility of mold, something he ensures himself. According to Vince, “When we harvest, we make sure there isn’t any mold because of the way we harvest and handle it. We’re proud of that.”

Wearing many hats

This Vietnam War era veteran is a businessman, community member, and grandpa all rolled into one. Vince is a dedicated community member who belongs to the local American Legion, the VFW, and church. He supports different functions and different groups that need money, fundraising, and tries to help as much as he can.

When it comes to leisure activities, Vince loves to spend time with his grandchildren. He has developed fishing ponds on the farm for them to enjoy. He likes to cut firewood and believes it’s important to keep active. He also likes to take car and RV trips one or two days a week when the season permits it.

Present and future goals

Vince’s goal is to produce CBD products that are among the best in the market. “We’re making a product that we use ourselves. I use it because of arthritis in my hands. I don’t expect anyone else to use something I wouldn’t use”, says Vince.

“That’s why we’re in the business that we’re in now with the CBD. All the ailments that my age group, the guys from the Vietnam War era have- that’s why I’m proud to do what we’re doing, because people come back and thank you, that it helped. And so we’re all proud of what we’re producing and how it helps people in general.

But Vince doesn’t just strive for success; he also seeks legacy. His biggest goal is that the business will remain family run even through future generations – something that he believes this country has lost over time.

Posted on by

CBN and THC: How do they differ and what benefits do they offer?

CBN and THC therapeutic uses

CBN and THC: How do they differ and what benefits do they offer?

The cannabis sativa plant is complex, containing dozens of cannabinoids that have unique and varied effects. Two well-known and widely studied cannabinoids are delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabinol (CBN) both found in medical marijuana. While they both offer therapeutic benefits, they differ in their structure, psychoactive effects, and medical applications.

Research indicates that THC and CBN have significant therapeutic potential for a variety of health conditions and may provide neuroprotective properties as well.

Despite some similar uses for each cannabinoid, understanding the differences between THC and CBN is key to discovering their individual potentials as medical treatments.

In this article, we will discuss how CBN and THC interact with the body, their respective health benefits and side effects, and how these cannabinoids can be used to treat various conditions. Read on to find out more about the differences between CBN and THC.

What are CBN and THC?

CBN

Chemical structure of CBN
Chemical structure of CBN

Cannabinol (CBN), is an oxygenated cannabinoid that is formed when THC degrades over time. Although it is considerably less potent than THC, CBN is valued for its potential therapeutic applications in managing insomnia, inflammation, and pain management.

The primary difference between CBN and THC is that CBN does not have any psychoactive properties like the THC found in medical cannabis. This means that it does not create a “high” when it is consumed.

CBN tends to interact primarily with cannabinoid receptors distributed in the peripheral body. These receptors are a component the body’s endocannabinoid system, a complex network of receptors, enzymes, and molecules responsible for regulating crucial physiological processes like mood, appetite, and pain perception. CBN works by binding to CB1 receptors, primarily located in the central nervous system, and CB2 receptors, mainly found in the immune system. These interactions trigger a cascade of reactions that can produce different effects on the body, including sedation, anticonvulsant, and anti-inflammatory properties. 

How CBN is made

The production of CBN is a process that involves the degradation of THC, the primary psychoactive component found in the marijuana plant. This degradation occurs over time and is affected by factors such as temperature and light exposure. Once THC degrades, it transforms into CBN. However, in order to produce CBN on a larger scale, the degradation process is typically accelerated through various methods, such as heating or exposing the plant material to air. After the THC is degraded, the resulting CBN can be isolated and purified for use in various applications, such as in the production of medicinal compounds.

THC

Chemical structure of THC
Chemical structure of THC

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a lipid-soluble compound with a molecular structure similar to anandamide–a naturally occurring endocannabinoid found in humans. THC is famous for its mind-altering properties, producing an intoxicating sensation commonly associated with the stereotypical “high” from marijuana.

Like CBN, THC acts upon the endocannabinoid system, binding to CB1 and CB2 receptors found throughout the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, respectively. Upon binding to these receptors, THC mimics endogenous cannabinoids, modulating various signaling pathways and eliciting physiological responses. The impact of THC on CB1 receptors in the brain accounts for its psychoactive properties and triggers a series of cellular events that influence various physiological functions, such as pain perception, mood, memory, and appetite.

THC in medicinal products

THC is an active ingredient in several FDA approved medications.

The medical use of THC has been a contentious issue for years. Cannabis as a plant is listed in Schedule I by US federal law under the Controlled Substances Act for having “no accepted medical use”. However, recent developments in research have led to the approval of FDA regulated drugs containing THC. These medications are intended to treat a variety of conditions, such as nausea, chronic pain, and muscle spasms associated with multiple sclerosis.

One such medication is Dronabinol (Marinol), which is used to treat patients suffering from nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, as well as to stimulate appetite in patients with AIDS-related wasting syndrome. Nabiximols (Sativex) is another drug that contains THC and cannabidiol (CBD), and is used to treat spasticity in multiple sclerosis patients. These medications have undergone extensive clinical trials and have been deemed safe and effective by the FDA.

Despite its psychoactive properties, THC has been shown to have medicinal benefits, leading to its inclusion in approved medications. As research into the potential uses of cannabinoids for medical use continues to expand, we can expect to see more FDA regulated products containing THC in the future.

The endocannabinoid system

Part of the endocannabinoid system, cannabinoid receptors are located throughout the body.
Part of the endocannabinoid system, cannabinoid receptors are located throughout the body.

To understand how CBN and THC work, one must first recognize the crucial role of the endocannabinoid system within the body. The endocannabinoid system is a complex network of endogenous cannabinoid receptors and signaling molecules that function to maintain physiological homeostasis in the human body. This system consists of three main components: the endocannabinoids, the cannabinoid receptors, and the enzymes responsible for the synthesis and degradation of these signaling molecules.

Endocannabinoids

Endocannabinoids are lipid signaling molecules that bind to cannabinoid receptors. Once activated, these receptors trigger a variety of physiological responses, including pain modulation, appetite regulation, immune function, and mood regulation. Endocannabinoids are similar in structure to cannabinoids found in cannabis, which is why cannabinoids like CBN and THC interact well with the receptors that make up the endocannabinoid system. 

Cannabinoid receptors

The primary function of cannabinoid receptors is to modulate synaptic transmission and maintain homeostasis in the body.

The two primary types of cannabinoid receptors are CB1 and CB2, which are found in different parts of the body and have distinct functions. CB1 is primarily found in the brain and nervous system, whereas CB2 is found in immune cells and other peripheral tissues.

When activated by endocannabinoids or external cannabinoids, such as those found in cannabis, these receptors send signals to help control these processes and regulate a range of physiological processes. Specifically, cannabinoid receptors mediate the effects of endogenous cannabinoids, such as anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, as well as cannabinoids derived from the cannabis plant.

Enzymes

Enzymes play a crucial role in the endocannabinoid system by breaking down certain cannabinoids and ensuring that they do not accumulate to harmful levels. Among these enzymes are fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). While FAAH breaks down anandamide, MAGL breaks down 2-AG. Enzymes also help to activate or inhibit the signaling pathways triggered by endocannabinoids.

Therapeutic benefits of CBN and THC

CBN and THC provide promising therapeutic avenues for treating a wide range of inflammatory disorders and neurodegenerative diseases by modulating the immune system’s response to inflammation without inducing side effects that are commonly associated with traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Reduces inflammation

Chronic inflammation is involved in a number of diseases.
Chronic inflammation is involved in a number of diseases.

Inflammation is the body’s response to injury or infection, and under normal circumstances it is the first step in the healing process. However, continuous chronic inflammation deviates from the healing process and is a primary risk factor for development of various diseases such as arthritis, heart disease, multiple sclerosis, and Crohn’s disease.

CBN

CBN has gained considerable attention in the scientific community for its potential to reduce inflammation. The anti-inflammatory properties of CBN can be attributed to its role in moderating the immune response, which normally activates in response to injury or infection but can become unregulated in chronic inflammatory conditions.

At a molecular level, CBN interacts with the endocannabinoid system by binding to cannabinoid receptors, mainly CB2 type receptors located on immune cells. This interaction triggers a cascade of signaling events that ultimately dampens the production of pro-inflammatory molecules and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which are commonly elevated in inflammatory conditions.

THC

THC also possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Like CBN, it interacts with the endocannabinoid system as it binds to cannabinoid receptors in various tissues, including immune cells. THC reduces the activity of the immune cells responsible for triggering inflammation, leading to less inflammation and thus less pain and tissue damage. THC may also improve blood flow to inflamed areas, promoting healing. Additionally, THC has been shown to decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory molecules such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

Neuroprotective properties

Mitochondria are structures that serve as the powerhouse of cells and ensure an adequate supply of energy for neurons to function properly. CBN has been shown to protect these critical cellular components from damage due to chemical and oxidative stress, making it an essential factor in maintaining healthy neuron function. Research on this matter has indicated that CBN activates a number of anti-inflammatory pathways, promoting mitochondrial integrity and facilitating neuroprotection. Thus, CBN appears to be a promising candidate for neuroprotection through its unique capabilities in preserving the life-sustaining qualities of mitochondria within neurons.

Some research findings suggest that THC also has neuroprotective properties due to its ability to activate cannabinoid receptors in the brain. This interaction with receptors leads to a decrease in oxidative stress and inflammation, which in turn reduces damage to neurons and improves overall brain function. While further research is needed to fully understand the extent of THC’s neuroprotective effects, the findings thus far are encouraging and suggest that the THC in medical marijuana may have potential as a therapeutic option for some neurodegenerative diseases.

Reduces anxiety

One of the more significant benefits of CBN is its ability to alleviate anxiety, a pervasive mental health issue that affects millions around the world. The interaction between CBN and the endocannabinoid system can lead to a reduction in anxiety without the unwanted side effects that come with traditional anti-anxiety medication.

CBN binds to the CB1 receptors in the brain where anxiety is a commonly regulated process. This binding process can enhance the inhibitory effects of GABA neurotransmitters, which are involved in decreasing the activity in the brain’s anxiety centers and promoting relaxation.

CBN also increases levels of anandamide, an endocannabinoid that promotes feelings of happiness and wellbeing, further increasing its potential as an anxiety-reducing agent.

Sleep aid

CBN can help with getting a good night's sleep.
CBN can help with getting a good night’s sleep.

CBN is known for its gentle sedative properties, making it a viable treatment option for individuals with sleep disorders like insomnia, as it can increase sleep time and reduce the frequency of waking up during the night.

CBN works to promote sleep by binding to CB1 receptors in the brain which are responsible for controlling sleep-wake cycles. As it binds to these receptors, it increases levels of GABA (a neurotransmitter that promotes relaxation) while decreasing levels of glutamate (a neurotransmitter that promotes alertness). This combination of effects can induce a state of sedation and promote a more restful sleep.

CBN also enhances the effects of other cannabinoids, such as THC, and may help to prolong their sleep-inducing effects. 

Reduces chronic pain

CBN shows great therapeutic potential in pain management through its several interactions with the body. It binds to CB1 and CB2 receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and immune system. Once it binds to these receptors, it prevents the release of inflammatory cytokines, which are responsible for pain in the affected area.

CBN also interacts with vanilloid receptors which are key players in chronic pain signaling, thereby reducing pain sensations. CBN also enhances the production of anandamide, an endocannabinoid that regulates pain and mood.

Studies suggest that THC appears to have pain-relieving properties as well and can ease chronic pain that is often associated with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis, and cancer.

As THC interacts with the CB1 and CB2 receptors, it indirectly reduces pain transmission by decreasing the amount of neurotransmitters released. This process involves numerous pathways, including the suppression of inflammatory responses, reduction of neuronal excitability, and modulation of descending pain pathways. THC can also cause the release of dopamine and other neurotransmitters, which can positively influence the perception of pain. 

Alleviates nausea

THC has demonstrated significant efficacy as an antiemetic agent for the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

THC works by activating the cannabinoid receptors in the brain that are responsible for regulating the emetic reflex. These receptors are located in areas of the brain that control nausea and vomiting, including the dorsal vagal complex, area postrema, and nucleus of the solitary tract.

By binding to these receptors, THC suppresses the signaling of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which are implicated in nausea and vomiting.

As a result, THC has become a popular adjunct therapy for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation, who often experience debilitating nausea and vomiting as a side effect of treatment.

Stimulates appetite

THC may help increase appetite.
THC may help increase appetite.

THC also stimulates the release of the hormone ghrelin, which has appetite-stimulating effects and may help as an appetite stimulant for people with AIDS and counteract the anorexia associated with chemotherapy or gastrointestinal surgery.

Anticonvulsant

CBN has demonstrated anticonvulsant properties, making it an effective treatment option for individuals with epilepsy. When it interacts with the CB1 receptors located in the brain and its associated neural networks, it modulates the activity of the neurotransmitters that are responsible for controlling seizures. CBN’s potential anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects may also contribute to its effectiveness in reducing the frequency and intensity of seizures in individuals with epilepsy, providing much-needed relief for those who suffer from this debilitating condition.

CBN and THC have been studied for their potential in treating a number of conditions, such as anxiety disorders, inflammation-related diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and depression. Apart from their wide range of beneficial properties, they have many more medical benefits that are yet to be fully explored. Thus, the potential benefits of CBN and THC are far-reaching, and research is ongoing to further explore their effects.

Potential side effects

Allergic reactions to cannabis compounds are rare but not unheard of. There may be an increased risk of certain side effects if CBN or THC is taken in large amounts. Side effects of CBN include dry mouth, dizziness, low blood pressure, sedation, drowsiness, nausea and vomiting. Common side effects of THC include confusion and disorientation as well as changes in appetite or mood.

Interaction with other medications

It should be noted that both compounds may potentially interact with over-the-counter and prescription medications. It is best to consult with a medical professional before consuming either one for medicinal purposes. As with any drug, they should not be used when consuming alcoholic beverages.

Overall, they each offer different medicinal properties that can be beneficial for certain medical conditions. While CBN and THC may have side effects when consumed in large amounts, there is insufficient evidence of severe adverse events occurring from taking either compound. Their medicinal properties are worth exploring further as more clinical research that is conducted.

Summary

CBN and THC can offer many health benefits.
CBN and THC can offer many health benefits.

THC is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis that produces the ‘high’ sensation. Nonetheless, beyond its psychoactive effects, THC offers significant medical benefits, leading to its inclusion in FDA approved medications. It has been shown to reduce nausea from chemotherapy, increase appetite, lower inflammation, and is an effective pain reliever. THC shows promise in treating symptoms of illnesses like multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia, and epilepsy.

CBN is known for its gentle sedative properties, making it an effective sleep aid. Scientific and anecdotal evidence suggests CBN possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, and neuroprotective properties and may provide therapeutic benefits for medical conditions including inflammation, chronic pain, epilepsy, and anxiety.

Unlike THC, CBN is non-psychoactive, meaning it does not produce a “high” or intoxication. It appears to have a positive safety profile and few if any side effects.

Although there is minimal risk, CBN and THC may cause drug interactions with other substances and medications, so they should be used cautiously and with advice from a healthcare professional before consuming either one for medicinal purposes.

The medical benefits of CBN and THC have been well established in the literature. Additional research is necessary to understand further potential uses in treating various medical conditions. With more research being conducted, we can expect further advances in the understanding and application of these cannabinoids for therapeutic use in the future.

References

For further information on therapeutic uses of cannabinoids, the following literature sources are provided.

Basharat, B., et al. “Hypersensitivity Reactions to Marijuana.” The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol. 127, 2, supplement AB178, (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.707

Hampson, A J et al. “Cannabidiol and (-)Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 95, 14 (1998): 8268-73. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9653176/

Liang, Zhibin et al. “Cannabinol Inhibits Oxytosis/ferroptosis by Directly Targeting Mitochondria Independently of Cannabinoid Receptors.” Free Radical Biology & Medicine, vol. 180 (2022): 33-51. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.001 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8840979/

Miller, Henry P., et al. “The Effects of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on Inflammation: A Review.” Cellular Immunology, vol. 352, Apr. 2020, p. 104111 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104111

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice; Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda. “The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: The Current State of Evidence and Recommendations for Research.” Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2017 Jan. 12, 4, Therapeutic Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425767/

Yang, L., et al., “Cannabinoid Receptor CB2 Is Involved in Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Anti-Inflammation against Lipopolysaccharide in MG-63 Cells”, Mediators of Inflammation, vol. 2015, Article ID 362126, 11 pages, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/362126

Posted on by

A Veteran’s Journey Into Hemp Farming & CBD Manufacturing: Andy Golden of Innovative Extracts

Andy Golden

A Veteran’s Journey Into Hemp Farming & CBD Manufacturing: Andy Golden of Innovative Extracts

As a decorated Green Beret, Andy Golden never imagined that his next big adventure would take him down the path of hemp farming. Now several years later, he runs a successful hemp farm and CBD manufacturing business. Read on as we explore Andy’s journey from childhood to Green Beret commander to hemp farmer.

Rural beginnings

Andy grew up on the Golden family farm in Portage, Pennsylvania, where he was born and raised. Despite his rural upbringing, Andy had a rich academic life throughout school, eventually graduating with a degree in science and technology from a nearby college. It was during high school that he met Matt Sinosky, his future business partner – they bonded over mutual interests such as football, skiing and snowboarding. Andy and Matt have managed to preserve their close friendship since high school, testament to the strong connection they formed over all those years ago.

Military career

Andy always had a knack for problem-solving and thinking outside the box, so it’s no surprise he spent his formative years in the Army. As a combat engineer officer of an engineer platoon in Iraq supporting land forces combat operations, Andy spent a year in Ramadi during the insurgence. Afterward, he was accepted into Special Forces and eventually promoted to detachment commander of a 12-man Operational Detachment Alpha (SFOD A) team – also known as an “A-Team” and the primary fighting force of the Green Berets. His unit specialized in direct action operations such as raids, using unconventional warfare tactics to get through sticky situations. He deployed twice to Afghanistan and worked at an embassy in Tajikistan, cementing his reputation as an outstanding leader.

Introduction to the CBD industry

Andy had a life-changing experience when a mutual friend, who was also in the Special Forces, introduced him to CBD. This friend’s acquaintance in Colorado had a CBD lab and was generous enough to help Andy and his partners learn more about the cannabis industry.

They took advantage of this opportunity and travelled to Colorado several times to understand how to conduct CBD extraction, how the equipment worked, and become familiar with the cannabis industry that was beginning to boom in Pennsylvania due to hemp farming legalization. With guidance from someone already established in the CBD business, they were able to get a head start on their own venture into this rapidly growing sector. Thus, in 2019 Andy, his father, and his friend Matt formed an LLC and named it Innovative Extracts.

Andy’s role and vision for Innovative Extracts

Andy currently serves as chief operations officer at Innovative Extracts, where he is responsible for overseeing the day-to-day operations of the company. His unique skillsets and many years of military experience make him an invaluable asset in keeping things running smoothly. One of the core values he learned in Special Forces is treating people fairly, empowering them, and allowing them to move mountains – which he applies strongly to his business acumen.

Andy’s vision for Innovative Extracts is to grow it into a generational organization that will create income for his family and help others while also contributing positively to its local community and promoting better quality of life.

Family and community

While serving in the US Army, Andy eventually met (and married) his wife – an Army Captain for the 82nd Airborne Division. Together they share three daughters and some pets too; their family dog plus some fish!

In their spare time, the whole family enjoys spending time together, making fond memories that will last a lifetime.

He also devotes time to other causes close to his heart as well; Andy is a member of both the Special Forces Association chapter 67 and VFW Post 4963 in Ebensburg. As the Commander of VFW Post 4963, Andy is passionate about their charitable activities. The Special Forces Association donates $5,000 each year to ROTC cadets for college money and the VFW makes various other donations. In addition, he works part-time with Valiant Integrated Defense as a Special Operations Forces mentor where he trains teams in planning unconventional warfare and other tasks.

When he’s not working or fulfilling civic duties, Andy enjoys spending quality time with his wife and two daughters. He mentors them on different topics such as nature and science, exposing them to new experiences, and showing them how to become good people.

Andy continues to live by the same core values that he learned in the service, and his work ethic, drive and passion remain an inspiration to all who know him.

Posted on by

Is Taking BCAAs the Key to Faster Muscle Recovery?

BCAA muscle recovery supplements

Is Taking BCAAs the Key to Faster Muscle Recovery?

If you’re an athlete or fitness enthusiast looking for a way to speed up your muscle recovery, then consuming branched-chain amino acids – BCAAs – could be the answer.

Recent research in humans has highlighted the potential of these nutritional supplements in reducing inflammation and relieving muscle soreness after intense physical activity, which can make a significant difference to athletes’ performance and recovery time.

In this blog post, we’ll delve deeper into BCAAs and explore how they might be a key factor in improving your muscle performance. Read on as we take you through some scientific evidence that suggests why regular use of BCAAs may just be the secret ingredient needed to help your muscles recover faster than ever before.

First, we’ll define BCAAs and discuss why they are important for muscle recovery. Next we’ll include a brief review of the health benefits of taking BCAAs and provide strategies for incorporating them into a workout routine, and then conclude with a discussion of some of the potential health risks associated with BCAA supplements.

What are BCAAs and Why They Are Important for Muscle Recovery?

BCAA supplements can enhance muscle recovery.
BCAA supplements are available in a variety of forms.

Branched chain amino acids are a group of three essential amino acids – leucine, isoleucine and valine – that play a crucial role in providing energy for the body in order to perform daily activities. These three BCAAs make up about 35 percent of muscle tissue in the human body and are responsible for maintaining its structure as well as providing energy during workouts. BCAAs can be obtained through eating a high quality diet as they are found in most protein-rich foods like meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products.

Leucine

Leucine is essential for numerous physiological processes in the human body. In addition to its role in protein synthesis and muscle repair, leucine plays a large part in glucose regulation and storage of nitrogen balance. This BCAA also participates in immune system support and protection, as well as aiding in cell growth and repair due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The vital functions of leucine make it essential for organs like the liver, intestines, brain, heart and muscles to perform their daily duties.

Isoleucine

Isoleucine provides energy for the body’s cells and promotes metabolic processes. Additionally, it helps in the formation of haeme, an essential component of red blood cells, and participates in the muscle protein synthesis. It also enhances cognitive performance through support of memory function and other brain activities. Isoleucine also helps modulate the immune system and acts as a regulator for healthy hormone levels.

Valine

The third BCAA, Valine helps with healthy growth and tissue repair as well as metabolizing sugars and fatty acids. Valine is essential for proper nitrogen balance in the body, which plays a major role in how well essential processes like cell regeneration take place. This BCAA is essential for muscle metabolism, making it an important energy source during periods of stress or intense physical activity. Without adequate amounts of valine through diet or supplementation, a person may experience symptoms such as fatigue, mental confusion, and disrupted sleep patterns.

Through the metabolism of leucine, isoleucine, and valine the body is able to produce energy which aids in recovery from work outs or other strenuous activities. Additionally, these essential amino acids support muscle tissue by increasing maintenance and remodeling to maximize muscle strength and performance.

How Can BCAA Supplements Improve Muscle Recovery?

BCAA supplements can help build muscle and reduce muscle soreness.
BCAA supplements help build muscle and reduce muscle soreness.

The potential health benefits of taking branched chain amino acids for muscle recovery are becoming increasingly well researched. These essential nutrients have been highlighted for their contribution to improved muscle protein synthesis, increased antioxidant protection in cells, and reduced fatigue during workouts.

A number of studies have linked BCAA supplementation with reduced symptoms of muscle weakness and soreness following strenuous exercise, as well as more efficient energy metabolism to boost physical endurance and performance levels (1, 3, 5). As such, BCAA supplements are thought to offer an unparalleled degree of health and fitness benefits that make them a worthwhile supplement option.

Thus, BCAA supplements can play an important role in muscle strength, growth, and development and should be a key component of any strength training or fitness program.

Builds muscle

Research suggests that consuming BCAAs can result in enhanced muscle anabolism and physical performance. When consumed, BCAAs are broken down directly in muscle tissue – rather than the liver – and used to synthesize muscle protein. This process encourages muscle growth, leading to increased muscle mass (2).

In addition, BCAAs help prevent destruction of proteins in muscles due to their anti-catabolic properties, resulting in reduced fatigue and quicker recovery from exercise induced muscle soreness, or overuse injuries.

Reduces muscle damage

Branched chain amino acids have been found to reduce exercise muscle damage caused from overwork. This is because they provide the essential building blocks for muscle protein synthesis and help repair damaged tissue fibers.  

Several studies found that BCAAs help delay fatigue by helping form new myofibrils for increased muscular contractility and correcting imbalances in muscle metabolism caused by excessive exercise (1, 2).

BCAAs also help block components of inflammatory pathways, which can modulate the immune response. This is accomplished, in part, by limiting the amount of exercise induced muscle damage by reducing concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators such as Interleukin-6, Interleukin-1β, TNFα and C-reactive protein.

Furthermore, BCAAs influence hormone metabolism by stimulation of anabolic hormones such as testosterone, without disrupting cortisol homeostasis. An increased level of testosterone is helpful in accelerating tissue healing and minimizing the risk of further muscle shrinkage caused by excessive infiltration of inflammatory components into the tissue

Reduces muscle soreness and inflammation

BCAAs may help alleviate post-workout soreness.
Sore muscles after a workout can slow recovery time.

BCAA supplementation can help reduce muscle inflammation which typically manifests after intense exercise as muscle weakness and soreness. BCAAs enable better recovery outcomes and allow athletes to return to their normal exercise routines sooner. One way BCAAs help is by lowering blood levels of the enzymes that are associated with increased muscle tension, soreness, and damage, such as creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase.

BCAAs help block components of inflammatory pathways, which can modulate the immune response. This is accomplished, in part, by limiting the amount of exercise induced muscle damage by reducing concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators such as Interleukin-6, Interleukin-1β, TNFα and C-reactive protein (4).

Branched chain amino acids also play a role in protein synthesis, helping to reduce inflammation caused by rigorous physical activity.  They provide the body with three of the nine essential amino acids it needs to rebuild tissue and repair damaged muscle fibers. 

BCAA supplementation can be beneficial in helping to reduce post-exercise DOMS (Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness) while still allowing athletes to reach a high-intensity workout, as BCAAs delay fatigue onset and help spare muscle glycogen resources (3).

Reduces fatigue

One of the ways that branched chain amino acids delay fatigue is that they help form new myofibrils – bundled protein filaments that are responsible for muscle contraction – for increased muscular contractility and by correcting imbalances in muscle metabolism caused by excessive exercise. Depletion of glycogen in the muscles is one of the primary factors of muscle fatigue. BCAAs help combat muscle fatigue by enhancing glucose uptake, which leads to more efficient glycogen stores.

During exercise, branched chain amino acids have been observed to act as a metabolic substrate for energy and reduce the amount of tryptophan to cross the blood brain barrier. This results in lowered levels of serotonin, which helps alleviate fatigue and soreness after exercise. 

Increases stamina and focus

BCAAs may increase stamina as well as improve muscle recovery.
BCAAs may increase stamina as well as improve muscle recovery.

BCAAs enhances aerobic performance by increasing energy levels and improving focus during workouts, enabling an athlete to maximize their physical performance.

They also stimulate the release of hormones such as insulin and testosterone, which help regulate metabolism processes that aid in muscle recovery.

Improves muscle performance

BCAAs provide fuel during intense physical activity.
BCAAs provide energy during intense physical activity.

Branched Chain Amino Acids have been found to be very beneficial in improving muscle performance by increasing intra- and extracellular responses, promoting protein synthesis, and accelerating glucose uptake in muscles (2).

BCAAs affect two primary pathways which ultimately lead to an increase in muscle performance. The first pathway is BCAA’s ability to directly stimulate protein synthesis, leading to increased muscle growth and strength.

The second pathway surrounds BCAAs acting as an energy source during higher intensity exercise and delaying fatigue, allowing people to maintain a high working intensity for longer periods of time and reducing muscle weakness after exercise.

Getting enough BCAAs into body tissues seems to also depend on the surrounding environment, so they play an important role in providing energy during intense exercise by acting as an alternative source of fuel.

Improves muscle recovery

Supplementing with BCAAs prior to, during, or after exercise can decrease muscle fatigue. This is believed to be caused by the BCAAs’ antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may prevent cell damage and reduce inflammation in skeletal muscles (3).

BCAAs help the body replenish depleted amino acids during exercise and thus provides the necessary building blocks for improved muscle recovery.

BCAAs can decrease the amount of time needed to recover from muscle breakdown after a workout by aiding in the resynthesis of damaged muscles and preventing further damage from occurring.

By reducing post-exercise fatigue, BCAAs make it possible for athletes to increase their rate and intensity of training with fewer chances of injury due to overtraining.

Better recovery outcomes

BCAAs can provide promising results for athletes seeking improved muscle recovery and decreased injury risk especially when taken in addition to eating a healthy, nutrient rich diet. Athletes may want to consider adding a BCAA supplement to ensure they are receiving all of the essential amino acids their bodies need for optimal muscle growth and recovery.

Using BCAAs as part of an effective workout routine, athletes can enhance workout performance, reduce muscle breakdown, and improve muscle recovery, allowing them to perform at their best and reach their fitness goals faster.

BCAAs reduce muscle soreness, enhance performance and promote muscle growth by providing muscles with essential elements, such as leucine, isoleucine and valine. But it is not only athletes who may potentially benefit from BCAA supplements; they can also be useful for individuals aiming to simply increase lean muscle mass or improve their general strength.

All these combined results suggest that BCAA is an effective nutrient for improving muscle recovery after strenuous physical activity.

How to Incorporate BCAAs into a Workout Routine

BCAA-infused protein shakes are convenient.
BCAA-infused protein shakes are convenient.

Working muscles hard during a workout can cause protein breakdown, leading to fatigue and muscle injury. A comprehensive workout routine should include strategies to incorporate BCAA supplements in order to achieve optimal results.

BCAA supplementation is easy; they’re typically consumed in supplement form before, during, or after a workout to help muscles recover quicker which can lead to faster results. To ensure that you are getting enough BCAAs, take an oral supplement, a liquid protein supplement, or infuse BCAA into beverages such as tea during or after a workout session. Supplementing with BCAA before and after a workout reduces muscle breakdown and maximizes muscle growth and repair.

Utilizing intra-workout BCAAs can provide additional benefits, such as improved performance, sustained energy levels, and reduced training fatigue.

Branched chain amino acids are one of the ingredients commonly found in most pre-workout supplements, so if you are already taking a whole whey protein, or soy protein supplement before or during your workouts, its likely that you’re already getting amino acid supplements.

Branched chain amino acids are the building blocks of protein and can be used as an energy source for muscles. The right combination of supplement type and timing depends on the individual’s goal, but taking advantage of BCAA supplements can help increase workout intensity and prevent muscles from breaking down during exercise.

How much BCAAs should I take?

It's important to determine the right BCAA dose.
It’s important to determine the right dose of BCAAs.

The first step to determine the right daily dosage of amino acids for your needs is to consider factors such as your current activity level, weight, and body mass composition, as well as your diet. It is a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional who can help you determine how much BCAAs to start with.

As a general guideline, a starting dosage would be to consume around 10 to 15 grams of amino acids before physical activity, and then take an additional 5 to 10 grams during exercise, although these numbers may vary depending on the intensity of the workout.

Once you have an amount established, it is recommended that BCAA supplements be taken before, during, and after exercise in order to maximize their impact.

Taking a BCAA supplement shortly after exercising can help to avoid catabolism and stimulate protein synthesis for more efficient muscle recovery and growth.

What Are the Potential Risks of Taking BCAAs?

The many positive effects of branched chain amino acids make it an appealing supplement to enhance health, and its use is growing in popularity. Although research suggests there are potential benefits to using BCAA supplements, it is important to recognize that there are also some health risks associated with their consumption.

Metabolism

Supplementing with BCAAs may interfere with metabolism. If taken in large doses, they can potentially disrupt the body’s natural production and utilization of amino acids.

Taking branched chain amino acid supplements can interfere with the metabolism of the body in several ways, primarily through elevating blood-amino acid levels. Elevated levels of these acids can cause health challenges such as digestive complications, fatigue, loss of energy and balance, sudden muscle weakness, and disruption to the gastrointestinal system.

In addition, excessive loading of branched chain amino acids can lead to nausea and digestive issues which can detract from any potential health benefit.

If any of these symptoms appear, it’s important to consult with your doctor right away.

Nutrient absorption

Taking branched chain amino acid supplements may interfere with the absorption of other essential vitamins and minerals the body needs for muscle development and maintenance.

This interference can be exacerbated by health conditions such as impaired absorption, compatibility issues between vitamins, or a lack of cofactors which help absorb certain micronutrients. The result of these disruptions is that overall health may suffer or a new health condition could develop if essential vitamins or minerals are unable to be absorbed into the body in adequate amounts.

Kidney and liver disease

BCAA supplements may potentially cause liver and kidney damage when consumed in large doses. This is thought to be due to the way in which they are metabolized in the liver, as a large influx of BCAAs can overwhelm liver function and lead to dysfunctional products being secretion into the body such as ammonia. Ammonia, along with other byproducts of branched chain amino acid metabolism, can overload the liver’s ability to neutralize them and thus can lead to inhibited liver enzyme activity and liver damage and possibly exacerbate existing liver disease, a serious health condition.

Furthermore, abnormal concentrations of these metabolites may also accumulate in the kidneys, leading to dysfunction and eventual damage.

Thus it is important that individuals with existing kidney or liver disease consult with their doctor prior to taking amino acid supplements.

It is important to weigh the potential risks and benefits before starting any BCAA supplement regime. Taking branched chain amino acid supplements in moderation and under the guidance of a healthcare professional may be the best strategy for safely taking advantage of the potential benefits.

Conclusion

BCAA supplements can improve muscle recovery.
BCAA supplements can improve muscle recovery.

Branched chain amino acids can offer an array of benefits for individuals looking to improve their health and athletic performance. It can speed up muscle recovery, reduce inflammation and muscle soreness, boost workout performance, help build new muscle, and increase stamina.

BCAA supplementation is generally safe, but may not be recommended for some people. People with existing health conditions should check with their doctor first before taking BCAAs. As with any supplement, there may be risks associated with taking BCAA supplements. Common side effects can include nausea, diarrhea and headaches, although more serious adverse reactions have been reported in rare cases.

However, if you are taking the necessary precautions like consulting with a doctor or nutritionist prior to using branched chain amino acids, then you’re well on your way to having a successful routine that can help you reach your full potential. 

References

  1. Khemtong, Chutimon, Chia-Hua Kuo, Chih-Yen Chen, Salvador J. Jaime, and Giancarlo Condello. 2021. “Does Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) Supplementation Attenuate Muscle Damage Markers and Soreness after Resistance Exercise in Trained Males? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials” Nutrients 13, no. 6: 1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061880
  2. Doma, Kenji et al. “The Effect of Branched-chain Amino Acid on Muscle Damage Markers and Performance Following Strenuous Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme vol. 46,11 (2021): 1303-1313. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0110
  3. Gualano, A. B., et al. “Branched-chain Amino Acid Supplementation Enhances Exercise Capacity and Lipid Oxidation During Endurance Exercise After Muscle Glycogen Depletion.” The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness vol. 51,1 (2011): 82-8. https://www.minervamedica.it/en/journals/sports-med-physical-fitness/article.php?cod=R40Y2011N01A0082&acquista=1
  4. Nicastro, Humberto et al. “Does Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplementation Modulate Skeletal Muscle Remodeling through Inflammation Modulation? Possible Mechanisms of Action.” Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism vol. 2012 (2012): 136937. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/136937
  5. Falavigna, Gina et al. “Effects of Diets Supplemented with Branched-chain Amino Acids on the Performance and Fatigue Mechanisms of Rats Submitted to Prolonged Physical Exercise.” Nutrients vol. 4,11 1767-80. 16 Nov. 2012. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fnu4111767
Posted on by

Happenings Around the Farm: Soil Testing

Happenings Around the Farm: Soil Testing

Most people these days care about what is in their soil and how their source of food is grown. If you’re looking to grow food crops without the use of harsh chemicals, you need natural healthy soil, and a simple step toward maintaining healthy soil is soil testing. In this blog post we’ll discuss how a healthy soil ecosystem works and why soil testing is important for maintaining a healthy and productive ecosystem here on our farm.

Healthy soil is made up of a robust ecosystem of microorganisms which stimulate natural decomposition of detritus. Detritus plays an important role in the establishment of microbial communities which colonize and work to decompose it into organic matter. These organisms go through lifecycles – breathing, feeding, then dying – all to break down detritus to a bioavailable form of nutrient for the plant to acquire. These microbes also help ward off pests and pathogens that would otherwise harm the plant.

Plant to Soil Interactions

Plant to soil interactions involve complex mechanisms that govern overall plant nutrition. These interactions are largely influenced by external environmental conditions which enable the 16 elements to be up taken and assimilated by the plant.

These elements are either negatively or positively charged, and therefore compete with each other for position on soil particles and uptake by the plant’s roots. The positively charged ions are called cations, and include: Potassium, Sodium, Ammonium, Hydrogen, Calcium, and Magnesium. The negatively charged ions are called anions, Chloride, Nitrate, Sulfate, Phosphate, and Borate. 

Movement of a nutrient within the soil is closely related to the chemical properties of the soil, such as its Cation Exchange Capacity, as well as certain soil conditions such as moisture. When soil saturation of water is too great, leaching occurs. This causes dissolved nutrients to be lost from the soil profile due to percolation. The nutrients which are easily leached are usually those nutrients that are less strongly held by soil particles.

Since soil particles are negatively charged, and like charges repel and unlike charges attract, the soil is comprised of cation exchange sites in which ions occupy, creating issues if one or the other is in excess or deficient. Knowing how to properly analyze soil samples and interpret soil test results will directly correlate to overall vigor and yielding capabilities of the plant.

Maintaining healthy soil with a proper cation exchange suite can be very difficult, but with a basic understanding of how ions compete and the role of soil pH, you can improve the overall quality of a plant’s ability to thrive under stressful edaphic conditions. 

Growing any plant outdoors, especially cannabis, can be a daunting task if soil conditions are not ideal, since a healthy soil ecosystem is paramount. If growing indoors, this is achieved easier due to the fact that most growers will use hydroponic soilless growing media, which allows for better overall control of the nutrient solution.

Soil and pH

Using a soil core sampling tool
Using a soil core sampling tool to take a soil sample

A soil test can tell you about your soil’s acidity, better known as pH, (or hydrogen potential). The pH scale runs from 0 to 14. If a soil has a pH of seven, it is considered neutral. If the pH is below 7, the soil is acidic. 

A soil test also gives specific nutrient levels and overall soil composition. Soils with a pH above 7 are considered alkaline. If your soil is too alkaline, nutrients in the soil solution won’t be available to your plant roots. 

To fix this problem naturally, you can add organic matter, to help reduce the pH. Organic matter is thought of as the lifeforce of the soil, driving microbial interactions and their metabolic functions. 

Soil Testing 

A soil core sample
A soil core sample

There are some different options for soil testing. You can purchase a basic soil test kit from your local agricultural supply store, and test your soil yourself. This will give you detailed information about your soil horizon to be planted into. You can also mail a soil sample to most colleges or institutions with an agricultural extension service that has a soil testing lab. This may be the more expensive option, but it provides you with much more detailed and accurate results, plus recommendations. 

Understanding the importance of healthy soil is a critical concept in organic farming. Success correlates directly to what’s happening below the surface of the soil. Soil testing shines light on the many important factors to consider when growing any crop.